Although computers have become an important part of the lives of human beings, there was a time when computers did not exist. Knowing the history of computers and how much progress has been made can help you understand how complicated and innovative the creation of computer really is.

Unlike many devices, the computer is one of the few inventions that have a specific inventor. Throughout the development of the computer, many people have added their creations to the list required to operate a computer. Some of the inventions have been different types of computers, and some of them were the necessary components to allow computers to be developed further.

The beginning

Perhaps the most important date in the history of computers is the year 1936. It ‘was this year that the first “computer” was developed. E ‘was created by Konrad Zuse and dubbed the Z1 Computer. This is the first computer as it was the first system to be fully programmable. There were devices prior to this, but none had the computing power that sets it apart from other electronic devices.

It was not until 1942 that every company has seen profits and opportunities in the computer. The first company was called ABC computers, owned and operated by John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry. Two years later, the Harvard Mark I computer was developed, to promote the science of calculation.

Over the next few years, inventors all over the world began to look for more study of computers, and how to improve on them. Those next ten years say the introduction of the transistor, which would become a vital part of the inner workings of the computer, the ENIAC 1 computer, as well as many other types of systems. The ENIAC 1 is perhaps one of the most interesting, as required 20,000 vacuum tubes to operate. It was a massive machine, and started the computer revolution to build smaller and faster.

The age of computers was forever altered with the introduction of International Business Machines, or IBM in the computer industry in 1953. This company, in the course of computer history, has been a major player in the development of new systems and servers for public and private. This introduction brought the first real signs of competition within computing history, which has helped to stimulate the development of faster and better computer. Their first contribution was the IBM 701 Computer EDPM.

A programming language evolves

A year later, the first programming language, high level of success was created. This was a programming language not written in ‘assembly’ or binary, which is considered very low-level languages. FORTRAN was written so that more people could begin to program computers easily.

The year 1955, the Bank of America, along with the Stanford Research Institute and General Electric, has seen the creation of the first computers for use in banks. The MICR, or Magnetic Ink Character Recognition, along with the current computer, the ERMA, was a turning point for the banking sector. It was not until 1959 that the pair of systems were put into use in actual banks.

During 1958, one of the most important discoveries in computer history occurred, the creation of the integrated circuit. This device, also known as the chip maker, is one of the basic requirements for modern computer systems. On every motherboard and card in a computer system, are many chips that contain information on what the boards and cards do. Without these chips, the systems as we know them today may not work.

Game, Mouse, and Internet

For many computer users today, the games are a vital part of the computing experience. 1962 saw the establishment of the first computer game, which was created by Steve Russel and MIT, which was dubbed Spacewar.

The mouse, one of the basic components of modern computers, was created in 1964 by Douglas Engelbart. It got its name from the “tail” leading out of the device.

One of the most important aspects of today’s computer was invented in 1969. ARPA net was the original Internet, which provided the foundation for the Internet we know today. This development could result in the development of knowledge and business across the entire planet.

It was not until 1970 that Intel has entered the scene with the first dynamic RAM chip, which caused an explosion of information technology innovation.

In the wake of the RAM chip was the first microprocessor, which was also designed by Intel. These two components, in addition to the chip developed in 1958, would number among the main components of modern computers.

A year later, the floppy disk was created, gaining its name from the flexibility of the container. This was the first step in allowing most people to transfer bits of data between unconnected computers.

The first network card was created in 1973, enabling the transfer of data between computers. This is similar to the Internet, but allows computers to connect without the use of the Internet.

Household PC Emerge

The next three years were very important for computers. This is when companies began to develop systems for the average consumer. The Scelba, Mark-8 Altair, IBM 5100, Apple I and II, TRS-80, Commodore PET and the computer were the forerunners in this field. Although expensive, these machines started the trend for computers within common households.

One of the most important breathroughs computer software occurred in 1978 with the release of the VisiCalc spreadsheet program. All development costs have been paid within a period of two weeks, making this one of the most successful programs in computer history.

1979 was perhaps one of the most important years for the home computer user. This is the year that WordStar, the first word processing program, was released to the public for sale. This drastically altered the usefulness of the computer for everyday use.

The IBM Home computer quickly helped revolutionize the consumer market in 1981, as it was convenient for homeowners and consumer standards. 1981 also saw the mega-giant Microsoft enter the scene with the operating system MS-DOS. This operating system is completely changed computing forever, as it was pretty easy for everyone to learn.

The competition begins: Apple vs. Microsoft

Computers saw yet another fundamental change in the course of 1983. The Apple Lisa computer was the first with a graphical interface, or GUI. Most modern programs contain a GUI, which allows them to be easy to use and pleasing to the eye. This marked the beginning of dating outside of most text-based programs only.

Beyond this point in computer history, many changes and alterations have occurred, from Apple-Microsoft wars, to the development of microcomputers and a variety of computer innovations that have become an accepted part of our daily lives. Without the first part of the initial steps of computer history, none of this would have been possible.

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The advent of computers has markedly improved our economy and standards of daily living as business, commerce and global trade has flourished at unprecedented rate over the past decades. Furthermore, it has significantly increased the utilization of resources which in turn resulted to a big deluge of output in many business establishments. Despite the brief periods of recession, the economy’s sudden downward dive did not leave a devastating impact as predicted as it readily bounced back after a period of adjustments.

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Because of computers, Business Process Outsourcing or BPO has provided countries such as India, the Philippines and South Africa a kick to their economy by providing thousands of jobs to its workforce. Countries providing for outsourcing on the other hand, receive the biggest boost to their economy as they are relieved of paying for the manpower costs in their own country as cheaper labor cost in other countries allow them to cut-back expenses. Records show that India alone has revenues of US$10.9 billion from offshore BPO and US$30 billion from IT and total BPO in 2008 giving the country 5-6% share of the total BPO Industry.

The computers and the internet has provided for an avenue where scientists and researchers of pharmaceutical companies for example, to conduct modifications on certain medications, develop drugs of superior quality than other existing drugs and discover new ones that promise immense financial rewards for the sole production and distribution for a period of time.

Indeed, the invention of computers and the internet has become the most effective catalyst for competition to grow not in increments but in big deluge giving businesses the scare of their lives. As competition gets stronger, manufacturing companies employ various marketing strategies to increase sales which ultimately end up to benefit the consumers in general.

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